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Compare Malawi (2001) - Jan Mayen (2004)

Compare Malawi (2001) z Jan Mayen (2004)

 Malawi (2001)Jan Mayen (2004)
 MalawiJan Mayen
Administrative divisions 24 districts; Blantyre, Chikwawa, Chiradzulu, Chitipa, Dedza, Dowa, Karonga, Kasungu, Lilongwe, Machinga (Kasupe), Mangochi, Mchinji, Mulanje, Mwanza, Mzimba, Ntcheu, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Nsanje, Ntchisi, Rumphi, Salima, Thyolo, Zomba; note - there may be three new districts named Balaka, Likoma, and Phalombe -
Age structure 0-14 years:
44.43% (male 2,348,940; female 2,337,290)

15-64 years:
52.78% (male 2,741,622; female 2,825,966)

65 years and over:
2.79% (male 119,283; female 175,149) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products tobacco, sugarcane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, cassava (tapioca), sorghum, pulses; cattle, goats -
Airports 44 (2000 est.) 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
4 (2000 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
38

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
14

under 914 m:
23 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total:
118,480 sq km

land:
94,080 sq km

water:
24,400 sq km		 total: 373 sq km


land: 373 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Pennsylvania slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Established in 1891, the British protectorate of Nyasaland became the independent nation of Malawi in 1964. After three decades of one-party rule, the country held multiparty elections in 1994 under a provisional constitution, which took full effect the following year. National multiparty elections were held again in 1999. This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.
Birth rate 37.8 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$490 million

expenditures:
$523 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY99/00 est.)		 -
Capital Lilongwe -
Climate sub-tropical; rainy season (November to May); dry season (May to November) arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 124.1 km
Constitution 18 May 1994 -
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Malawi

conventional short form:
Malawi

former:
British Central African Protectorate, Nyasaland Protectorate, Nyasaland		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Jan Mayen
Currency Malawian kwacha (MWK) -
Death rate 22.81 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $2.9 billion (2000 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Roger A. MEECE

embassy:
Area 40, Plot 24, Kenyatta Road

mailing address:
P. O. Box 30016, Lilongwe 3, Malawi

telephone:
[265] 773 166

FAX:
[265] 770 471		 -
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Paul Tony Steven KANDIERO

chancery:
2408 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 797-1007		 -
Disputes - international dispute with Tanzania over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) none
Economic aid - recipient $427 million (1999) -
Economy - overview Landlocked Malawi ranks among the world's least developed countries. The economy is predominately agricultural, with about 90% of the population living in rural areas. Agriculture accounts for 37% of GDP and 85% of export revenues. The economy depends on substantial inflows of economic assistance from the IMF, the World Bank, and individual donor nations. In late 2000, Malawi was approved for relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) program. The government faces strong challenges, e.g., to fully develop a market economy, to improve educational facilities, to face up to environmental problems, and to deal with the rapidly growing problem of HIV/AIDS. Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island.
Electricity - consumption 950 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 3 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 1.025 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
2.44%

hydro:
97.56%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
junction of the Shire River and international boundary with Mozambique 37 m

highest point:
Sapitwa 3,002 m		 lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; land degradation; water pollution from agricultural runoff, sewage, industrial wastes; siltation of spawning grounds endangers fish populations NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea		 -
Ethnic groups Chewa, Nyanja, Tumbuko, Yao, Lomwe, Sena, Tonga, Ngoni, Ngonde, Asian, European -
Exchange rates Malawian kwachas per US dollar - 80.0946 (December 2000), 59.5438 (2000), 44.0881 (1999), 31.0727 (1998), 16.4442 (1997), 15.3085 (1996) -
Executive branch chief of state:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Bakili MULUZI (since 21 May 1994); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
36-member Cabinet named by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
Bakili MULUZI reelected president; percent of vote - Bakili MULUZI (UDF) 51.4%, Gwandaguluwe CHAKUAMBA (MCP-AFORD) 44.3%		 -
Exports $416 million (f.o.b., 2000) -
Exports - commodities tobacco, tea, sugar, cotton, coffee, peanuts, wood products -
Exports - partners South Africa 16%, Germany 16%, US 15%, Netherlands 7%, Japan (1999) -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June -
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green with a radiant, rising, red sun centered in the black band the flag of Norway is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $9.4 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
37%

industry:
29%

services:
34% (1998 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $900 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 13 30 S, 34 00 E 71 00 N, 8 00 W
Geography - note landlocked barren volcanic island with some moss and grass
Highways total:
16,451 km

paved:
3,126 km

unpaved:
13,325 km (1997)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Imports $435 million (f.o.b., 2000) -
Imports - commodities food, petroleum products, semimanufactures, consumer goods, transportation equipment -
Imports - partners South Africa 43%, Zimbabwe 14%, UK 5%, Germany 5%, Zambia, Japan, US (1999) -
Independence 6 July 1964 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tobacco, tea, sugar, sawmill products, cement, consumer goods -
Infant mortality rate 121.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 29.5% (2000) -
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2001) -
Irrigated land 280 sq km (1993 est.) 0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Appeal; High Court (chief justice appointed by the president, puisne judges appointed on the advice of the Judicial Service Commission); magistrate's courts -
Labor force 3.5 million -
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 86% (1997 est.) -
Land boundaries total:
2,881 km

border countries:
Mozambique 1,569 km, Tanzania 475 km, Zambia 837 km		 0 km
Land use arable land:
34%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
20%

forests and woodland:
39%

other:
7% (1993 est.)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
Languages English (official), Chichewa (official), other languages important regionally -
Legal system based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court of Appeal; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (193 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 15 June 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - UDF 48%, MCP 34%, AFORD 15%, others 3%; seats by party - UDF 94, MCP 66, AFORD 29, others 4		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
37.08 years

male:
36.61 years

female:
37.55 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
58%

male:
72.8%

female:
43.4% (1999 est.)		 -
Location Southern Africa, east of Zambia Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland
Map references Africa Arctic Region
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 4 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Norway
Military branches Army (includes Air Wing and Naval Detachment), Police (includes paramilitary Mobile Force Unit) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $9.5 million (FY00/01) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.76% (FY00/01) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,466,708 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,265,893 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Independence Day, 6 July (1964) -
Nationality noun:
Malawian(s)

adjective:
Malawian		 -
Natural hazards NA dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970
Natural resources limestone, arable land, hydropower, unexploited deposits of uranium, coal, and bauxite none
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Democracy or AFORD [Chakufwa CHIHANA, president]; Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Gwanda CHAKUAMBA, president, John TEMBO, vice president]; Malawi Democratic Party or MDP [Kampelo KALUA, president]; National Independence Party; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Eston KAKHOME, president]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Bakili MULUZI] - governing party -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 10,548,250

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)		 no indigenous inhabitants


note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line 54% (FY90/91 est.) -
Population growth rate 1.5% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Chipoka, Monkey Bay, Nkhata Bay, Nkhotakota, Chilumba none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations AM 9, FM 4 (plus 15 repeater stations), shortwave 3 (1998) AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA


note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)
Radios 2.6 million (1997) -
Railways total:
789 km

narrow gauge:
789 km 1.067-m gauge		 -
Religions Protestant 55%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.68 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
fair system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone communications stations

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 37,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 7,000 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1999) -
Terrain narrow elongated plateau with rolling plains, rounded hills, some mountains volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers
Total fertility rate 5.18 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate NA% -
Waterways 144 km

note:
on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire Riverall		 -
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